Heat olive oil in a large saucepan set over medium heat. Add onions and cook for 1 minute, stirring occasionally. Then stir in leeks, salt and thyme and cook for 3-5 minutes, until the leeks soften.
Add brussels sprouts, broccoli and cauliflower florets. Mix with the leeks and let vegetables cook and sizzle for about a minute. Pour over the vegetable stock, just until all the vegetables are mostly covered. Set temperature to high heat to bring soup to a boil, then lower heat to medium and cover the pot with a lid.
Cook (maintaining a simmer) until the vegetables are tender, around 20 minutes, stirring occasionally. Remove soup from heat, toss in the parsley and cashews and keep covered for a few minutes.
Using an immersion blender, blend the soup until it's completely smooth (you can also puree it in 2-4 batches by using a food processor.) Once pureed, taste the soup and adjust the seasonings to your taste.
Ladle soup into bowls and serve with a dollop of sour cream, cashews and chopped herbs. Store leftover soup in the refrigerator for up to 2-3 days or in the freezer for up to 3 months.